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La biomasse forestière : L’enjeu de la qualité

https://library.fpinnovations.ca/en/permalink/fpipub8325
Author
Mercier, Guyta
Volpe, Sylvain
Date
2016
Material Type
Technical note
Field
Fibre Supply
Author
Mercier, Guyta
Volpe, Sylvain
Date
2016
Material Type
Technical note
Physical Description
2 p.
Sector
Forest Operations
Field
Fibre Supply
Research Area
Forestry
Subject
Heating
Bioenergy
Biomass
Moisture content
Chauffage
Bioénergie
Biomasse
Baguette
Débardage
Transport
Déchiquetage
Approvisionnement
Critères qualité
Teneur humidité
Taille particules
Densité
Contamination
Granulométrie
Contrôle qualité
Echantillonnage
Series Number
OT 211
Language
French
Abstract
Woody biomass heating projects are becoming more and more numerous in Quebec and the trend is not decreasing. In this context, the skills to guarantee the quality of the biomass will become more and more important in order to limit costs and maximize the efficiency of the systems. There is a frequent mismatch between the biomass delivered and the desired characteristics for the various bioenergy processes. Forestry companies supplying woody biomass as well as bioenergy producers need to be more aware of biomass quality criteria. To assist these companies, FPInnovations researchers have been working on this issue.
Abstract
Les projets de chauffage à la biomasse ligneuse sont de plus en plus nombreux au Québec et la tendance n’est pas à la baisse. Dans ce contexte, les compétences permettant de garantir la qualité de la biomasse deviendront de plus en plus importantes afin de limiter les coûts et de maximiser l’efficacité des systèmes. Une disparité fréquente entre la biomasse livrée et les caractéristiques souhaitée pour les divers procédés de bioénergie est observée. Les entreprises forestières qui fournissent de la biomasse ligneuse ainsi que les producteurs de bioénergie se doivent de mieux connaître les critères de qualité de la biomasse. Pour venir en aide à ces entreprises, des chercheurs de FPInnovations se sont penchés sur la question.
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FPJoule

https://library.fpinnovations.ca/en/permalink/fpipub39450
Author
Volpé, Sylvain
Date
February 2012
Material Type
Research report
Field
Bioproducts
PDF
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, such as boiler efficiency. Keywords FPJoule, Biomass, Moisture content, Forest residues, Heating value
Author
Volpé, Sylvain
Date
February 2012
Material Type
Research report
Physical Description
4 p.
Sector
Forest Operations
Field
Bioproducts
Research Area
Biomass Conversion
Subject
Value added
Residues
Heating
Heat
Boilers
Biomass
Advantage
Series Number
Advantage ; Vol. 13, No. 4
Language
English
ISSN
14933381
Abstract
FPJoule is a web-based tool that can be used to evaluate the amount of energy contained in harvest residues according to their origin (species group and part of tree) and moisture content. The tool can also be used to quantify the financial advantages when using biomass as a fuel source compared to conventional fossil fuels. A more comprehensive spreadsheet model is also available to FPInnovations members. The latter version can be modified to match a particular facility, such as boiler efficiency.
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FPJoule

https://library.fpinnovations.ca/en/permalink/fpipub39451
Author
Volpé, Sylvain
Date
February 2012
Material Type
Research report
Field
Bioproducts
PDF
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Author
Volpé, Sylvain
Date
February 2012
Material Type
Research report
Physical Description
4 p.
Sector
Forest Operations
Field
Bioproducts
Research Area
Building Systems
Subject
Test methods
Value added
Residues
Heating
Heat
Boilers
Biomass
Advantage
Series Number
Avantage ; Vol. 13, No. 4
ISSN
14933381
Abstract
FPJoule est une application web permettant d’évaluer la quantité d’énergie fournie par des résidus forestiers selon leur origine (groupe d’essences et partie de l’arbre) et leur teneur en humidité. L’outil permet également de quantifier les avantages financiers liés à l’utilisation de la biomasse comme source d’énergie pour le remplacement des combustibles fossiles. Un modèle de feuille de calcul plus complet est également disponible pour les membres de FPInnovations. Cette version peut être modifiée pour correspondre à une installation particulière, comme l’efficacité des chaudières.
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Guide sur la biothermie à partir de biomasse forestière pour les communautés rurales et éloignées de l'Ontario = A guide to biothermal energy from forest biomass for rural and remote communities in Ontario

https://library.fpinnovations.ca/en/permalink/fpipub8176
Author
Mercier, Guyta
Prevost, Glen
Date
2020
Material Type
Report
Field
Fibre Supply
Author
Mercier, Guyta
Prevost, Glen
Date
2020
Material Type
Report
Physical Description
72 p.
Sector
Forest Operations
Field
Fibre Supply
Research Area
Forestry
Subject
Biomass
Bioenergy
Climate
Heating
Biofuels
Biomasse
Bioénergie
Changements climatiques
Technologies modernes de chauffage
Biocombustibles
Series Number
OT 284
Language
French
Abstract
This guide has been developed to provide information and reassurance to residents of rural and remote communities in Ontario about using wood from Ontario's sustainably managed forests to produce heat and domestic hot water. It is aimed at community leaders, such as those in municipal municipal governments, band councils band councils, school boards, religious school boards, religious groups, non-profit non-profit organizations and small businesses, as well as and small businesses, as well as private private property owners.
English version available at FPID8177
Abstract
Ce guide a été élaboré afin de donner de l’information aux résidents des communautés rurales et éloignées de l’Ontario et les rassurer sur l’utilisation du bois provenant de forêts Ontariennes gérées de façon durable en vue de produire de la chaleur et de l’eau chaude domestique. Il s’adresse aux dirigeants de communautés, comme ceux qui font partie des administrations municipales, des conseils de bande, des commissions scolaires, des groupes religieux, des organisations à but non lucratif et des petites entreprises, de même qu’aux propriétaires privés.
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Innovative applications of RF pre-heating and heating for engineered wood product manufacturing

https://library.fpinnovations.ca/en/permalink/fpipub39822
Author
Wang, Brad J.
Dai, Chunping
Date
April 2014
Material Type
Research report
Field
Wood Manufacturing & Digitalization
Pre-Heating and Heating for Engineered Wood Product Manufacturing Type of report – Transformative
Author
Wang, Brad J.
Dai, Chunping
Contributor
Natural Resources Canada. Canadian Forest Service.
Date
April 2014
Material Type
Research report
Physical Description
34 p.
Sector
Wood Products
Field
Wood Manufacturing & Digitalization
Research Area
Advanced Wood Manufacturing
Subject
Heating
Laminate product
Lumber
Series Number
Transformative Technologies
W-3095
Language
English
Abstract
Several RF pressing trials were successfully conducted in the pilot plant at the Vancouver lab of FPInnovations, which aimed at thick LVL manufacturing, use of lignin-based PF resin as a binder and new plywood pressing method. A number of 3.5-in thick LVL billets were first RF-pressed for heavy-duty packaging applications with a pressing time of being shortened to about 25 min but with satisfactory bending MOE and MOR properties. Lignin PF resin (with 20wt% phenol replacement ratio) was prepared and used to make 13-ply spruce LVL. Compared to the control, there was no significant difference in both panel flatwise and edgewise bending MOE and MOR, as well as panel delamination resistance, when the lignin-based PF resin was applied. Further plywood RF heating trials with aluminum plate separation of panels demonstrated that the inclusion of the plates can help increase the thickness uniformity of plywood panels pressed with RF heating. Economic analyses were conducted to determine the benefits of RF pressing for manufacturing LVL and plywood, and RF preheating of plywood. For RF pressing of LVL preliminary calculations demonstrated that RF pressing would generate aoubt $3.0 million CAD operating profit per year. It would also have 3.3% higher internal rate of return (IRR) and 1.25 years shorter payback period. For RF pressing of plywood, preliminary calculations indicated about $1.0 million CAD increase in operating profit annually for the RF pressing option, yielding a payback period of 3.95 years for purchasing and installing the new RF equipment. For RF pre-heating of plywood, the analysis showed that an increase of $4.7 million CAD in operating profit can be achieved annually and payback period is only 0.4 year. However, some further pilot plant work is required to establish the maximum closed assembly time of pre-heated plywood panels for industrial applications. PF adhesive formulations may also need to be changed in order to prevent glue dry-out after preheating.
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MDF mat preheating and humidification

https://library.fpinnovations.ca/en/permalink/fpipub5578
Author
Feng, Martin
Date
September 2003
Edition
37670
Material Type
Research report
Field
Wood Manufacturing & Digitalization
Author
Feng, Martin
Date
September 2003
Edition
37670
Material Type
Research report
Physical Description
11 p.
Sector
Wood Products
Field
Wood Manufacturing & Digitalization
Research Area
Advanced Wood Manufacturing
Subject
Heating
Heat
Series Number
3342
W-1991
Location
Vancouver, British Columbia
Language
English
Abstract
The objective of this project was to help Forintek members improve MDF manufacturing processes and maintain cost competitiveness by developing improved or new methods for mat preheating and/or humidification. MDF mat heating and humidification with steam (the H & H system) has demonstrated its great ability to increase press speed and hence production capacity in Ranger Board and WestPine MDF. Higher mat temperature allows shorter press time but it tends to drive some moisture out of the mat. Moisture content can vary significantly across the thickness of the mat depending on the conditions of the H & H system and the configurations of the formers, which have a strong influence on panel properties. It was observed that board formaldehyde emissions can be significantly increased as a result of using H & H, although emission levels can be effectively controlled by increasing the use of formaldehyde scavenger, or via resin modification, or both. Achieving the balance of mat temperature and moisture content and hence obtaining the optimal H & H conditions is challenging. Trial and error has been the only approach available to the mills so far. The approach of computer modeling, however, should be an excellent enhancement to the empirical approach. Based on mill data from WestPine MDF and Ranger Board, a preliminary computer model for mat heating and humidification with steam has been developed. It can be used to develop a deeper understanding of the individual process parameters and their interactions within the H & H system, improving process efficiency and product quality as well as training mill operators. In co-operation with Hydro Quebec, an experiment on microwave preheating of MDF mat was conducted. It was observed that moisture movement within the mat upon microwave heating was from the centre of the mat to both surfaces and towards the edges and corners. The moisture variation was much higher across the thickness of the mat than among different locations of a layer of the mat. The variations are thought to be related to the mat density profiles, electric field distribution and penetration depth. During hot pressing, PressMan profiles showed higher core temperatures for the microwave-preheated mat than the control for most of the press cycle. Based on the work carried out for this project, the following conclusions and recommendations are made: 1. A preliminary computer model has been completed for the MDF mat heating and humidification system at Ranger Board. It is now ready to customize to mill conditions. 2. A preliminary computer model has been completed for the MDF mat heating and humidification system at WestPine MDF. It is now ready to customize to mill conditions. 3. Microwave preheating of MDF fibre mat increases the initial mat temperature and re-distributes and moves moisture towards the mat surfaces. 4. As a result of moisture re-distribution, the moisture gradient and temperature gradient are in the same direction at the early stage of the hot pressing. Due to this effect of positive coupling between moisture gradient and temperature gradient, heat can be transferred significantly faster from the surfaces to the core and heat flux is also increased. 5. With microwave preheating, the increase of core temperature in MDF fibre mat starts earlier and the rate of the temperature increase is greater. 6. As a result of microwave preheating, hot press cycle time may be substantially reduced, leading to increase of production efficiency.
Fibreboard - Production
Fibreboard - Manufacture
Heating
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Pathways to high-performance housing in British Columbia

https://library.fpinnovations.ca/en/permalink/fpipub6023
Author
Mattock, Chris
Wang, Jieying
Ionescu, Denisa
Bradley, Dan
Hartman, Mark
Date
April 2014
Edition
42983
Material Type
Research report
Field
Sustainable Construction
of high- performance windows, doors, and skylights. Chapter 5, Space Heating, Ventilation, and Water
Author
Mattock, Chris
Wang, Jieying
Ionescu, Denisa
Bradley, Dan
Hartman, Mark
Contributor
FPInnovations
Homeowner Protection Office
Branch of BC Housing
BC Hydro
Fortis BC
City of Vancouver
Date
April 2014
Edition
42983
Material Type
Research report
Physical Description
230 p.
Sector
Wood Products
Field
Sustainable Construction
Research Area
Advanced Wood Materials
Subject
Design
Building construction
Energy
Efficiency
Heating
Ventilation
Series Number
Special Publication SP-56
Language
English
Abstract
This guide was jointly developed by FPInnovations; the Homeowner Protection Office, Branch of BC Housing; BC Hydro; FortisBC; and the City of Vancouver. It is based on the building industry’s design and construction practices and relavent research. The majority of the content was prepared by Chris Mattock of Habitat Design + Consulting Ltd. This guide focuses on design and construction strategies and detailed measures to improve home energy efficiency in British Columbia. The primary purpose of this publication is to provide guidelines for designers and builders who are interested in the design and construction of single-family and small multi-family buildings that are substantially more energy efficient and lower in environmental impact than traditionally built homes.
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A solid wood bioheat guide for rural and remote communities in Ontario = Guide sur la biothermie à partir de biomasse forestière pour les communautés rurales et éloignées de l'Ontario

https://library.fpinnovations.ca/en/permalink/fpipub8177
Author
Mercier, Guyta
Prevost, Glen
Date
2020
Material Type
Report
Field
Fibre Supply
• District heating systems • Combined heat and power systems 10. REFERENCES APPENDIX A: ENVIRONMENTAL
Author
Mercier, Guyta
Prevost, Glen
Date
2020
Material Type
Report
Physical Description
64 p.
Sector
Forest Operations
Field
Fibre Supply
Research Area
Forestry
Subject
Biomass
Bioenergy
Climate
Heating
Biofuels
Biomasse
Bioénergie
Changements climatiques
Technologies modernes de chauffage
Biocombustibles
Series Number
OT 285
Language
English
Abstract
This guide has been developed to provide people in Ontario’s remote and rural communities with the information and confidence to use wood from Ontario’s sustainably managed forests to produce space heat and domestic hot water. It is aimed at community leaders such as those found in municipal governments, band councils, school boards, churches, not-for-profit organizations, and small businesses, as well as private homeowners.
Abstract
Ce guide a été élaboré afin de donner de l’information aux résidents des communautés rurales et éloignées de l’Ontario et les rassurer sur l’utilisation du bois provenant de forêts Ontariennes gérées de façon durable en vue de produire de la chaleur et de l’eau chaude domestique. Il s’adresse aux dirigeants de communautés, comme ceux qui font partie des administrations municipales, des conseils de bande, des commissions scolaires, des groupes religieux, des organisations à but non lucratif et des petites entreprises, de même qu’aux propriétaires privés.
Version française disponible sur FPID8176.
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Test of a new heat flux sensor in an experimental burn

https://library.fpinnovations.ca/en/permalink/fpipub49456
Author
Hsieh, Rex
Date
July 2017
Material Type
research report
Field
Fibre Supply
Author
Hsieh, Rex
Date
July 2017
Material Type
research report
Physical Description
3 p.
Sector
Forest Operations
Field
Fibre Supply
Research Area
Forestry
Subject
Heat
Sensors
Wildfires
Energy
Radiant heating
Series Number
InfoNote ; 2017 n.26
Language
English
Abstract
A new heat flux sensor prototype was developed by Mark Ackerman in 2016. The new sensor can record heat flux data during the passage of a crown fire’s front due to changing the calorimeter material on the sensor. The new heat flux sensors were tested during an experimental burn at the Pelican Mountain FireSmart Research Area on May 31, 2017. This Info Note described the prototype deployment, data result and observations of the new heat flux sensors.
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Using optimized truck tire pressures to minimize damage to rural roads: summary of two trials in Saskatchewan

https://library.fpinnovations.ca/en/permalink/fpipub40622
Author
Bradley, Allan
Date
April 2003
Material Type
Research report
Field
Fibre Supply
Author
Bradley, Allan
Date
April 2003
Material Type
Research report
Physical Description
12 p.
Sector
Forest Operations
Field
Fibre Supply
Research Area
Transportation Infrastructure
Subject
Trucks
Tires
Systems
Surface properties
Roads
Pressure
Heating
Heat
Advantage
Series Number
Advantage ; Vol. 4, No. 10
Language
English
Abstract
In 2000, the Saskatchewan Department of Highways and Transportation (SHT) conducted two trials of heavy trucks equipped with tire pressure control systems and operating on rural roads. The Forest Engineering Research Institute of Canada (FERIC) participated in an advisory capacity and prepared this summary of the trials. The main objectives involved quantifying the potential benefits of optimized tire pressures in minimizing damage to rural roads, and offsetting the incremental road damage caused by larger capacity trucks carrying enhanced weights. Tire heating and fuel consumption were also examined.
Trucks
Tire pressure
Central tire inflation (CTI)
Tire pressure control systems (TPCS)
Rural roads
Earth-surfaced roads
Road damage
Tire heating
Fuel consumption
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10 records – page 1 of 1.