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Basic procedures for sampling and analyzing woody biomass

https://library.fpinnovations.ca/en/permalink/fpipub3318
Author
Marinescu, Marian
Volpé, Sylvain
Desrochers, Luc
Roser, Dominik
Date
January 2015
Edition
39982
Material Type
Research report
Field
Bioproducts
PDF
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and Analysis of Biomass Samples Separating Biomass Samples: Coning and Quartering Analyzing the Moisture
Author
Marinescu, Marian
Volpé, Sylvain
Desrochers, Luc
Roser, Dominik
Date
January 2015
Edition
39982
Material Type
Research report
Physical Description
15 p.
Sector
Forest Operations
Field
Bioproducts
Research Area
Building Systems
Subject
Biomass
Bioenergy
Sampling
Physical properties
Moisture content
Particle size
Bulk density
Standards
Advantage
Series Number
Advantage ; Vol. 15, No. 5
Language
English
Abstract
Biomass sampling and analysis play decisive roles in determining the characteristics and value of the woody biomass fuel used in bioenergy systems in Canada. Sampling and analysis standards help harmonize the procedures that are used to monitor biomass quality. Because there are no Canada- wide biomass sampling standards, facilities that produce and use woody biomass have developed and implemented in-house sampling procedures of varying degrees of complexity. Given that the use of woody biomass in Canada is predicted to increase, the ability to ensure the quality of biomass will become increasingly important in order to control costs and maximize system efficiency.
BIOMASS
Biofuels
Bioenergy
MOISTURE CONTENT
BULK DENSITY
Bark content
Contamination
ASH
Lignin
CARBOHYDRATES
EXTRACTIVES
Abstract
L’échantillonnage et l’analyse de la biomasse jouent un rôle décisif dans la détermination des caractéristiques et de la valeur des combustibles de biomasse ligneuse utilisés dans les systèmes de bioénergie au Canada. Les normes d’échantillonnage et d’analyse contribuent à harmoniser les méthodes utilisées pour évaluer la qualité de la biomasse. Il n’existe pas de normes d’échantillonnage pancanadiennes; les usines qui produisent ou utilisent la biomasse ligneuse ont donc élaboré et appliqué des méthodes d’échantillonnage maison de niveau de complexité variable. Comme on prévoit une augmentation de l’utilisation de la biomasse ligneuse au Canada, les compétences permettant de garantir sa qualité deviendront de plus en plus importantes pour limiter les coûts et maximiser l’efficacité des systèmes.
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Field measurement of vertical movement and roof moisture performance of the Wood Innovation and Design Centre : instrumentation and first year's performance

https://library.fpinnovations.ca/en/permalink/fpipub44205
Author
Wang, Jieying
Date
March 2015
Material Type
Research report
Field
Sustainable Construction
PDF
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Author
Wang, Jieying
Contributor
Forestry Innovation Investment
Date
March 2015
Material Type
Research report
Physical Description
39 p.
Sector
Wood Products
Field
Sustainable Construction
Research Area
Advanced Wood Materials
Subject
British Columbia
Building construction
Laminate product
Moisture content
Performance
Test methods
Series Number
301008940
Language
English
Abstract
Two of the major topics of interest to those designing taller and larger wood buildings are the susceptibility to differential movement and the likelihood of mass timber components drying slowly after they are wetted during construction. The Wood Innovation and Design Centre in Prince George, British Columbia provides a unique opportunity for non-destructive testing and monitoring to measure the ‘As Built’ performance of a relatively tall mass timber building. Field measurements also provide performance data to support regulatory and market acceptance of wood-based systems in tall and large buildings. This report first describes instrumentation to measure the vertical movement of selected glulam columns and cross-laminated timber (CLT) walls in this building. Three locations of glulam columns and one CLT wall of the core structure were selected for measuring vertical movement along with the environmental conditions (temperature and humidity) in the immediate vicinity. The report then describes instrumentation to measure the moisture changes in the wood roof structure. Six locations in the roof were selected and instrumented for measuring moisture changes in the wood as well as the local environmental conditions. All sensors and instrumentations, with the exception of one, were installed and became operational in the middle of March 2014, after the roof sheathing was installed. The other instrumentation was installed in July 2014. This report presents performance of the building during its first year as measured from topping out of the structure. In the end, the one-year period covers six months of construction and six months of occupancy. This is the first year of a planned five-year monitoring. The first year’s monitoring showed that the wood inside the building had reached moisture content (MC) of about 4-6% in the heating season, from an initial MC of 13% during construction. Glulam columns were extremely dimensionally stable given the changes in MC and loading conditions. With a height of over 5 m and 6 m, respectively, the two glulam columns measured in this study showed very small amounts of vertical movement, each below 2 mm. The cumulative shortening of the six glulam columns along the height of the building would be about 8 mm, not taking into account deformation at connection details or effects of reduced loads on upper floors. The CLT wall was found to be also dimensionally stable along the height of the building. The measurements showed that the entire CLT wall, from Floor 1 to Floor 6, would shorten about 14 mm. The CLT floors, however, had considerable shrinkage in the thickness direction, and therefore should be taken into consideration in the design and construction of components, such as curtain walls, which are connected to the floors. In terms of the roof performance, two locations, both with a wet concrete layer poured above the plywood sheathing, showed wetness during construction but dried slowly afterwards. The good drying performance must be attributed to the interior ventilation function designed for the roof assemblies by integrating strapping between the sheathing and the mass timber beams below. Overall this monitoring study shows the differential movement occurring among the glulam columns and the CLT wall is small and the wood roof has good drying performance.
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Kiln drying of SPF dimension lumber

https://library.fpinnovations.ca/en/permalink/fpipub7505
Author
Oliveira, Luiz C.
Lazarescu, Ciprian
Star, Phil
Date
April 2015
Edition
49807
Material Type
Research report
Field
Wood Manufacturing & Digitalization
.................................................................................................................................................. 9 3.1 Moisture Content Distribution
Author
Oliveira, Luiz C.
Lazarescu, Ciprian
Star, Phil
Date
April 2015
Edition
49807
Material Type
Research report
Physical Description
17 p.
Sector
Wood Products
Field
Wood Manufacturing & Digitalization
Research Area
Advanced Wood Manufacturing
Subject
Lumber
Spruce Pine Fir
Drying
Moisture content
Language
English
Abstract
In British Columbia, due to the decline of lodgepole pine, mills should expect higher volumes of sub-alpine fir in their species mix. The impact on drying is significant. For example, drying times for green SPF (spruce, pine, sub-alpine fir) vary from 24 to 36 hours whereas drying times for sub-alpine fir can easily exceed 70 hours. In addition to longer drying times, the drying of species such as sub-alpine fir using current procedures often results in wet lumber and value loss can be higher than $100 per Mfbm. The potential annual impact for a typical BC mill is estimated to be in the range $1,000,000 to $1,500,000. Along the years, sawmills have invested millions of dollars in drying technology (conventional drying and green sorting systems) which, for the most part are efficient and relatively low cost. Thus, under the circumstances outlined above, sawmills urgently need to find ways to minimize the problems associated with the drying of sub-alpine fir that is, new procedures or combination of methods, to ensure maximum grade recovery at the end of drying and reduce drying times (increase productivity and lower processing costs). In addition, the pressure exerted by typical longer drying times for sub-alpine fir will impact the drying of spruce and pine. Thus, strategies to speed the drying for those two species are needed to maintain annual production targets. The main objective of this project is to evaluate several strategies using existing technology so that sawmills can readily implement them throughout their drying operations dealing with larger volumes of sub-alpine fir and for mills with kiln capacity constraints which could compromise their production targets.
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Méthodes de base pour l’échantillonnage et l’analyse de la biomasse ligneuse

https://library.fpinnovations.ca/en/permalink/fpipub39994
Author
Marinescu, Marian
Volpé, Sylvain
Desrochers, Luc
Roser, Dominik
Date
January 2015
Material Type
Research report
Field
Bioproducts
PDF
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Author
Marinescu, Marian
Volpé, Sylvain
Desrochers, Luc
Roser, Dominik
Date
January 2015
Material Type
Research report
Physical Description
15 p.
Sector
Forest Operations
Field
Bioproducts
Research Area
Building Systems
Subject
Biomass
Bioenergy
Sampling
Physical properties
Moisture content
Particle size
Bulk density
Standards
Advantage
Series Number
Avantage ; Vol. 15, No. 5
Language
English
Abstract
Biomass sampling and analysis play decisive roles in determining the characteristics and value of the woody biomass fuel used in bioenergy systems in Canada. Sampling and analysis standards help harmonize the procedures that are used to monitor biomass quality. Because there are no Canada- wide biomass sampling standards, facilities that produce and use woody biomass have developed and implemented in-house sampling procedures of varying degrees of complexity. Given that the use of woody biomass in Canada is predicted to increase, the ability to ensure the quality of biomass will become increasingly important in order to control costs and maximize system efficiency.
BIOMASS
Biofuels
Bioenergy
MOISTURE CONTENT
BULK DENSITY
Bark content
Contamination
ASH
Lignin
CARBOHYDRATES
EXTRACTIVES
Abstract
L’échantillonnage et l’analyse de la biomasse jouent un rôle décisif dans la détermination des caractéristiques et de la valeur des combustibles de biomasse ligneuse utilisés dans les systèmes de bioénergie au Canada. Les normes d’échantillonnage et d’analyse contribuent à harmoniser les méthodes utilisées pour évaluer la qualité de la biomasse. Il n’existe pas de normes d’échantillonnage pancanadiennes; les usines qui produisent ou utilisent la biomasse ligneuse ont donc élaboré et appliqué des méthodes d’échantillonnage maison de niveau de complexité variable. Comme on prévoit une augmentation de l’utilisation de la biomasse ligneuse au Canada, les compétences permettant de garantir sa qualité deviendront de plus en plus importantes pour limiter les coûts et maximiser l’efficacité des systèmes.
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Observations of the Peterson Pacific DDC 5000 log delimber-debarker-chipper

https://library.fpinnovations.ca/en/permalink/fpipub39930
Author
Araki, Dennis
Date
September 1994
Material Type
Research report
Field
Fibre Supply
Author
Araki, Dennis
Date
September 1994
Material Type
Research report
Physical Description
8 p.
Sector
Forest Operations
Field
Fibre Supply
Research Area
Forestry
Subject
Costs
Chips
Productivity
Bark
Processing
Machines
Moisture content
Alberta
Series Number
FO Technical Note Wood Harvesting ; TN 214
Language
English
Abstract
In-woods chipping
In-woods debarking
Satellite operations
Software
COSTS
Fuji/King debarker
Bruks 1512 drum chipper
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TN214.pdf

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Tarping of pulp log decks to maintain low moisture content: interim report

https://library.fpinnovations.ca/en/permalink/fpipub40007
Author
Spencer, Stuart
Date
April 2015
Material Type
Research report
Field
Fibre Supply
Author
Spencer, Stuart
Date
April 2015
Material Type
Research report
Sector
Forest Operations
Field
Fibre Supply
Research Area
Forestry
Subject
Biomass
Moisture content
Drying
Storing
Logs
FOP Technical Report
FPI TR
Series Number
Technical Report ; TR 2015 n.14
Language
English
Abstract
FPInnovations, in cooperation with BC Timber Sales and Coast Tsimshian Resources, is in the process of performing a tarping trial in an attempt to maintain low moisture content of pulp logs in the Terrace region.
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6 records – page 1 of 1.