A literature review was conducted to help develop a performance-based specifica- tion for materials intended to be used as the wearing course in forest roads built from unbound aggregate. A survey of eastern Canadian forestry companies revealed that few use appropriate specifications; instead, most use specifications that are designed for base-course layers and that typically lack sufficient plastic fines. Two aggregate wearing-course materials produced to meet different specifications were tested on a 10.2-km section of haul road with high traffic levels. A detailed performance evaluation and an analysis of the rate of road deterioration through the col- lection of surface roughness data revealed that both materials performed exceptionally well and significantly improved roads versus those without the specified wearing-course materials.